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Forsythia

Forsythia

Forsythia (lat.Forsythia) is a shrub or small tree, belongs to the ancient Olive family. Originally from East Asia, some plant species can also be found in China and Japan. In total there are 10 species, in European countries only one of them is mainly grown - European forsythia.

It looks very impressive during flowering, this period occurs in early spring, the shrub is densely covered with bright, golden bell-shaped flowers. After the end of flowering, green leaves bloom, which, closer to autumn, change their color to gold, crimson or purple.

Thus, this little tree pleases with a change of beautiful outfits and remains attractive at any time of the year.

Other names: Forsythia, forsythia, forsition, golden bell, golden rain.

Forsythia - popular types:

Forsythia European (Forsythia europaea) - has a spreading crown, branches directed upwards. It grows in height up to 2-2.5 meters. Blooms in April, in single flowers. An indisputable advantage is that it is the most winter-hardy among its relatives.

Forsythia ovate (Forsythia ovata) is a relatively low bush, grows up to 1.5 meters in height. Differs in branchy branches and pointed leaves. It blooms earlier than other species.

Hanging forsythia (Forsythia suspensa) - the height of an adult bush is about 3 meters. The crown is spreading, thin branches are gracefully curved, lowered down. A winter-hardy plant with small flowers of a rich yellow color.

Quality forsythia seedlings in containers can be bought in our store:

Forsythia in landscape design. Looks beautiful in backyard beds, trails, in the garden, along the road. Forsythia goes well with other shrubs such as: azalea, quince. It stands out against the background of coniferous trees with a bright, fiery spot during flowering. Evergreens: boxwood or juniper favorably set off its bright flowering. It also looks beautiful next to tulips, daffodils, hyacinths. Forsythia looks original as a hedge, especially if the flexible branches of a number of planted shrubs are intertwined with each other.

Purchase of seedlings. Inspect the seedling well before buying, it should not be damaged and free from disease. Choose saplings with strong branches and many buds.

Location and landing. A sunny shrub needs a bright spot, but it can adapt to life in partial shade. The main thing is not to plant forsythia on a hill, as it does not react well to strong winds and drafts, gusts of wind can damage fragile branches.

Not demanding on the composition of the soil, it will still grow better on light, alkaline soil. Having decided on the place, prepare a 60x60 cm planting pit, on the bottom of which add 250 g of wood ash and drainage from broken bricks with a layer of at least 25 cm.The distance between the forsythia and other plants should be about 2 meters. Having installed the seedling, you should dig in and compact the earth around it, and then water it well. The best planting time is spring.

If you decide to plant a tree in the fall, you need to mulch the site and a reliable, but breathable shelter for the winter, so that flower buds do not die during the thaw period.

Forsythia - leaving from spring to autumn

Ornamental shrub is quite hardy and unpretentious. The main thing is to apply fertilizers, monitor watering, if necessary, carry out pruning and cover from the winter cold.

Watering. It tolerates dry soil better than waterlogged soil. In dry weather, it is enough to water once a month, one bush has 9-10 liters of water. After that, it is imperative to loosen the soil to ensure free air access to the root system.

Loosening, mulching. After planting and watering, the soil is loosened and mulched.

Top dressing. At the beginning of flowering, mineral fertilizers (75 g per square meter) are applied and the soil is loosened. After the shrub has faded, they are fed with complex fertilizer. To increase the frost resistance of the tree, a phosphorus-potassium dressing should be applied at the beginning of September.

Trimming and shaping. After winter, the frozen shoots are carefully cut off. In the summer, after the end of flowering, it is necessary to halve the faded branches, dry and old ones are also removed. Thanks to pruning, you can give the shrub any desired shape, most conveniently it turns out to be cupped or spherical. To obtain a lush dense crown, anti-aging pruning should be carried out at least every three to four years, while the plant is pruned by 2/3, or on a stump. Such pruning provokes the rapid growth of young shoots, but it is not necessary to do this too often, otherwise the bush will grow well, but it will stop blooming.

Bloom. Comes in early spring, lasts about a month. During this period, bright flowers of yellow, orange, sometimes lemon shade appear. They look like bells, are arranged singly or collected in inflorescences. They are replaced by a fruit box with seeds.

Reproduction. It is most convenient to propagate with green cuttings. Cuttings are cut with a couple of leaves at the beginning of summer, take root in the sand, covered with a film on top. After rooting, they are planted in a greenhouse and looked after for two years.

You can use lignified propagation cuttings cut in October. They are planted directly into the ground in the garden, leaving two buds above the surface. For the winter they are covered with dry leaves, in the spring they will grow, and by the fall, wonderful seedlings will be ready.

Another simple breeding method is layering. This can be done in mid-summer or early autumn. Bending the lower branch to the loosened ground, sprinkle with soil. The shoot will soon form roots. In the spring, you need to cut off the rooted branch from the bush and after a year the young bush will begin to bloom.

Diseases and pests. The plant is resistant to diseases and pests, but bedbugs of the genus Lygus and Poecilcapsus can harm it, insecticidal preparations will help get rid of them.

The sudden wilting of the bush will help stop spraying with foundation or captan.

If specks and dark spots appear on the surface of the leaves, this indicates a fungal disease. In this case, treatment with a copper-containing fungicide is necessary.

There is a risk of developing a fungal disease called Phomopsis, a symptom of the disease is warts appearing on the branches and trunk. This disease, unfortunately, cannot be cured; the bush must be dug up along with the roots and burned so that other plants do not become infected.

Forsythia in winter. Forsythia can do without shelter in a snowy winter, but it is better to play it safe and provide the plant with a comfortable winter. To protect the bush from the harsh winter weather, at the end of autumn, forsythia branches are bent to the ground and sprinkled with a ten-centimeter layer of dry leaves, and wrapped with spruce branches on top. With the arrival of spring, the shelter and dry leaves are removed.

Interesting Facts. The ornamental shrub got its name in honor of the Scottish botanist William Forsyth, who at one time founded the Royal Horticultural Society. It was this scientist who brought forsythia to Europe.

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