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Chinese lemongrass (lat. Schisandra chinensis) is a valuable medicinal and ornamental plant, known for its colorful fruits and healing properties. This perennial liana of the Limonnikov family can reach a length of up to 15 meters, and is actively used in folk medicine, food, medical and cosmetic industries.
Native to East Asia, Schisandra prefers temperate climates and is well adapted to a variety of growing conditions. The fruits of the plant have a sweet and sour taste and contain a large amount of vitamins and microelements. Homeland of the plant: East Asia. Prefers a temperate climate, found in forests, on the edges, loves moist, well-drained soil.
Types of lemongrass:
- Schisandra chinensis (Chinese lemongrass): the most common species, known for its medicinal properties and aromatic fruits.
- Schisandra japonica (Japanese lemongrass): smaller fruit size, prefers shady places.
- Schisandra amurensis (Amur Schisandra): characterized by larger fruits and adapted to cold climates.
Schisandra for growing in Ukraine – popular varieties:
- 'Delight': This variety of Chinese Schisandra stands out for its early ripeness and impressive yield, making it especially valuable to gardeners looking for quick results. The fruits of 'Vostorg' are large, juicy, rich in vitamins and antioxidants, providing not only a tasty, but also a healthy harvest. The trees are well adapted to temperate climates, showing high resistance to temperature fluctuations. This variety is especially suitable for creating hedges and decorative landscaping, adding beauty and utility to the garden area.
- 'Ruby': The 'Ruby' variety is notable for its bright red, large fruits, which are not only beautiful, but also have high taste. Its resistance to disease and pests makes it a reliable choice for gardeners looking for less hassle with their plantings. 'Ruby' adapts easily to a variety of growing conditions, making it suitable for a wide range of gardens. The fruits of this variety are especially valued for their beneficial properties, including stimulating the immune system and improving overall health.
- 'Magnolia': 'Magnolia' is distinguished by abundant and long-lasting flowering, attracting the attention of not only bees, but also lovers of garden design. This variety is ideal for decorative landscaping, thanks to its small but extremely aromatic fruits, which can be used in cooking and folk medicine. 'Magnolia' is adapted to moderate climatic conditions, demonstrating good winter hardiness and resistance to many diseases. The variety will be a wonderful addition to the garden, providing not only lush flowering, but also a healthy harvest.
Selection and purchase of seedlings: When purchasing seedlings, preference should be given to plants grown in containers, as they tolerate replanting better and adapt more quickly to new conditions. Pay attention to the condition of the leaves and root system of the seedling.
Use of the shrub: Schisandra is perfect for creating hedges, decorating alleys, decorating rocky gardens and rock gardens. Schisandra combines well with various types of plants, including shrubs and conifers, creating beautiful landscape compositions. Its decorative qualities - evergreen leaves, beautifully flowering branches and fragrant fruits - make it a welcome guest in any garden.
Location and planting: Schisandra prefers sunny or slightly shaded locations with moist but well-drained soil. Before planting, it is recommended to enrich the soil with organic fertilizers. The size of the planting hole should be sufficient for the root system of the seedling, usually 50x50 cm. Planting is best done in spring or autumn so that the plant can take root before the onset of cold weather.
Watering: Schisandra chinensis prefers moderate but regular watering, especially during periods of drought and intensive growth. It is important to avoid stagnation of water at the roots so as not to cause rotting. Young plants require more moisture to stimulate growth. On hot summer days, watering is increased to ensure sufficient soil moisture.
Loosening, mulching: Loosening the soil around the plant promotes better air penetration to the roots and reduces moisture evaporation. Mulching with organic materials such as humus or straw helps retain moisture, prevents weed growth and enriches the soil with nutrients.
Fertilizing: In the spring it is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizers to stimulate the growth of green mass, and during the formation of buds and fruiting - phosphorus-potassium fertilizers to support flowering and fruiting. Organic fertilizers, such as compost or diluted mullein, also have a beneficial effect on the development of lemongrass.
Pruning and shaping: Pruning is carried out in early spring before sap flow begins. Damaged and dry branches are removed, and the crown is formed for better lighting and ventilation. This stimulates the formation of new fruitful shoots and increases yield.
Flowering and fruiting: Schisandra chinensis blooms in late spring - early summer, and the fruits ripen in late summer - early autumn. Flowering is abundant and fragrant, attracting pollinators. To ensure a good harvest, it is important to maintain optimal growth conditions and promptly remove dried flowers and fruits.
Schisandra fruits are not only tasty, but also extremely healthy, containing a large amount of antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. They are known for their tonic and rejuvenating properties, help strengthen the immune system and improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system. In addition, regular consumption of Schisandra fruits can help normalize blood pressure and improve vision. They are also used in folk medicine to prevent and treat colds and fatigue.
It is important to note that Schisandra fruits have high biological activity, so it is recommended to consult a doctor before using them for medicinal purposes.
Reproduction and grafting: Reproduction of Schisandra chinensis is possible by seeds, cuttings or dividing the bush. Seeds are sown in autumn or spring after stratification. Cuttings are most effective in early summer. Grafting is rarely used, but can be used to produce special varieties.
Diseases and pests: Schisandra is relatively resistant to diseases and pests. However, it can be attacked by some insect pests and fungal diseases. Prevention includes timely removal of weeds and damaged branches, as well as the use of fungicides and insecticides if necessary.
Plants in winter: Schisandra chinensis tolerates winters well, but it is better to cover young plants for the winter, especially in regions with harsh winters. Shelter helps prevent frostbite of young shoots and root systems. Mature bushes usually overwinter without shelter.
Interesting facts about lemongrass:
The name is associated with the aroma: Schisandra chinensis got its name due to the special aroma of its leaves and fruits, reminiscent of citrus fruits. When the leaves or fruits of the plant are rubbed between the fingers, they release a distinct and pleasant lemon aroma.
Ancient Remedy: In traditional Chinese medicine, Schisandra has been used for over a thousand years as a remedy to increase physical stamina and concentration, and to combat fatigue and stress.
Symbol of longevity: In some cultures, lemongrass is considered a symbol of longevity and health. It is said that its regular consumption can prolong life and improve the quality of health in old age.
Space diet: Schisandra was included in the diet of the cosmonauts of the Soviet Union due to its high tonic properties. He helped maintain the physical and mental health of astronauts during long flights.
